Track Categories

The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.

Internal Medicine covers a wide range of conditions affecting the internal organs of the body - the heart, the lungs, the liver and gastro-intestinal tract, the kidneys and urinary tract, the brain, spinal column, nerves, muscles and joints. The specialist in internal medicine is the internist. Internists care for the patients during an acute illness and treat them.
Patient care is referred to the prevention, treatment, and management of disease and the protection of physical and mental health through amenities presented by health professionals.
 
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Adult diseases are mainly faced in young stages in puberty period between 11 and 19 years. This is a rare type of disease that features fevers, rash and joint pain. An adult disease being that canappear, but are not usually studied in the pediatric and child population: Schatzki's ring, Helicobacter pylori, cricopharyngeal achalasia, pancreatic carcinoma, achalasia, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the colon, malignant melanoma, thyroid carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma of the ovary and sarcoidosis, hydatidiform mole. Radiologists explaining pediatric or child imaging should observe these entities and perform a proper diagnostic workup.
 
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Allergy and Immunology are related to the organization of disorders related to the immune system. These diseases are common to all ages of the people and surrounding various organ systems.  Allergist/Immunologist are the specialists, who will treat for these diseases. 
 
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Anesthesiology is into ensure the safety of patients undergoing surgery. The anesthesiologist cares for the patient to avoid the pain and distress they would otherwise experience. Anesthesiologist make the patient to sleep. This allows the patients to undergo surgery safely. 
After the anesthesia the surgery will be happen. General surgeons are specialized in General surgery and they mainly focus on stomach, small bowel, colon, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, appendix and bile ducts, and often the thyroid gland. This is why anesthesiology and the general surgery are related to each other.
 
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Cardiovascular is also referred as cardiology mainly focuses on prevention, diagnosis, and management of disorders of the cardiovascular system. The person who is specialized in this area is called cardiologist. Cardiovascular disease is the situation that affect the heart and blood vessels and include arteriosclerosis, coronary artery disease, heart valve disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, hypertension, orthostatic hypotension, shock, endocarditis, diseases of the aorta and its branches, disorders of the peripheral vascular system, and congenital heart disease.

 

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Chronic disease is a disease that continues for a long time. A chronic disease is a one long-term for 3 months or more. Most commonly the diseases will be arthritis, cardiovascular disease such as heart attacks and stroke, cancer such as breast and colon cancer, diabetes, epilepsy and seizures, obesity, and oral health problems.

 

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The experiments or observations done in clinical research are called Clinical trials. It includes  biomedical or behavioral research studies on human participants  to answer specific questions about treatments such as novel vaccines, drugs, dietary choices, dietary supplements, and medical devices. It generates data on efficacy and safety. Clinical trials are conducted only after they receive approval from the ethics committee in the country. These authorities are responsible for benefit or risk ratio of trial and the approval does not mean the therapy is safe; it is that only the trial may be conducted. The cost of a trial is dependent on a number of factors. The sponsor for clinical trials may be a pharmaceutical company or government organization or medical device company. There are certain functions which are necessary to the trial include lab work and monitoring, managed by central laboratory or contract research organization.

 

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The branch of medicine dealing with the skin, nails, hair ( functions & structures ) and its diseases is Dermatology. Cancers, cosmetic and aging conditions of the skin, fat, hair, nails and oral and genital membranes are all aspects of dermatology. Dermatopathology also involved with the pathology of the skin; immunodermatology, which specializes in the treatment of immune-mediated skin disorders, including lupus, bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris; Mohs’ surgery, which involves removing tumors from the skin without harming healthy cells; and pediatric dermatology, in which dermatologists may treat infants, hereditary skin disorders and children. An expert in the field of dermatology is a dermatologist.

 

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Diagnosis is the process of finding out if a patient has a specific disease. Diagnosis is often challenging, because many signs and symptoms are nonspecific. The information required for diagnosis is typically collected from a history and physical examination of the person seeking medical care. 
A case report is a detailed report of the symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. The case reports should be included with the following terms of the patients.
An unexpected association between diseases or symptoms
Unique or rare features of a disease
A positional or quantitative variation of the anatomical structures
 
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Electronic medical record refers to patient health information in a digital format. Records can be shared through enterprise-wide information systems or other information networks and exchanges. Electronic medical record includes range of data which includes medical history, laboratory test records, vital signs, billing information, radiology images. Electronic medical record systems are designed to store data accurately and to capture the state of a patient across time. Due to the digital information being searchable in a single file, electronic medical records are more effective when extracting medical data for the examination of possible trends and long term changes in a patient. Disease management is defined as health care interventions and communications for populations in which patient self-care efforts are significant.

 

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Emergency medical services, known as ambulance services or paramedic services. These are emergency service for providing transport to definitive care, and other medical transport of patients with illness and injuries. Emergency medical servicesmay also be locally known as ambulance corps, life squad, rescue squad, first aid squad. The main goal of most emergency medical services is to arrange for timely removal of the patient to the next point of definitive care, or provide treatment to those in need of urgent medical care. This is an emergency department at the hospital. Emergency medical service change from providing ambulances only for transport, to preliminary medical carewhich is given during transport. In some regions, the term is not used, or may be used inaccurately, because the service in question does not provide treatment to the patients, but only provides transport to the point of care.

 

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Endocrinology is the subspecialty of internal medicine that focuses on the diagnosis and care of disorders of the endocrine (glandular) system and the associated metabolic dysfunction. It also deals with specific secretions known as hormones. Endocrinology specializations include comparative and behavioral endocrinology.  It is also concerned with growth and development, sleep, tissue function, respiration, digestion, mood, stress, excretion, lactation, behavioral and psychological activities of metabolism, reproduction and sensory perception caused by hormones. 

 

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Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events (including disease), and the application of this study to the control of diseases and other health problems. Major areas of epidemiological study include disease causation, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance, environmental epidemiology, forensic epidemiology, occupational epidemiology, screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials.
 
 
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Family medicine is also called as Family Practice, it  is a medical specialty devoted to comprehensive health care for people of all ages; the specialist is named a family physician or family doctor.
General practitioners (GPs) treat all common medical conditions and refer patients to hospitals and other medical services for urgent and specialist treatment. They focus on the health of the whole person combining physical, psychological and social aspects of care.
 
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The study of gastroenterology and hepatology are often related to each other. A gastroenterologist is an internist who has completed specialty training in the treatment of esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, pancreas, gallbladder, and liver. A hepatologist is the most experienced and qualified type of doctor to treat people with liver.

 

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Genomics is the study of genomes, the complete set of DNA within a cell of an organism. More specifically, genomics involves the sequencing and analysis of genomes. Genomicsis also concerned with the structure, function, evolution, and mapping of genomes. In contrast to genetics, which refers to the study of individual genes and their roles in inheritance, genomics uses high DNA sequencing and bioinformatics to assemble, and analyze the function and structure of entire genomes. The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as heterosis , epistasis , pleiotropy and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome. Advances in genomics have triggered a revolution in systems biology which facilitates the understanding of complex biological systems such as the brain.

 

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Geriatrics is a study that focuses on health care of aged people. It aims to stimulate health by countering and treating disorders and disabilities in elder adults. Geriatric physician who specialist in the care of older person. It is important to note the difference between geriatrics, the care of aged people, and gerontology, which is the study of the aging process itself. Geriatrics varies from standard adult medicine because it targeted on the particular needs of the aged person. The aged body is various physiologically from the younger developed body and during old age.
 
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Study of blood, blood-forming organs and blood diseases will come under Hematology. Hematology includes the treatment of blood disorders and malignancies, including types of hemophilia, leukemia, lymphoma and sickle-cell anemia. Hematology is a branch of internal medicine that deals with the physiology, pathology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and prevention of blood-related disorders. Hematologists focus largely on lymphatic organs and bone marrow and may diagnose blood count irregularities or platelet irregularities. 
 
 
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Hospital medicine in the United States is the medical specialty concerned with the care of acutely ill hospitalized patients. Physicians whose primary professional focus is caring for hospitalized patients only while they are in the hospital are called hospitalists.
 
 
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Infectious diseases are disorder caused by micro-organisms such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi, these diseases can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. They're normally harmless or even helpful, but under certain case, some organisms may source of disease. Infectious disease results from the coaction between those few microorganisms and the defences of the hosts they infect. However a host's immune system can also cause harm to the host itself in an attempt to control the infection.

 

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Intensive care medicine is a branch of medicine board with the diagnosis and administration of life-threatening disease cases requiring organ support and invasive auditing. Patients requiring intensive care may compel support for instability, acute renal failure, respiratory compromise, lethal cardiac arrhythmias or the increasing effects of multiple organ failure, more frequently referred to now as multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. They may also be introduced for invasive auditing, such like the crucial hours after major surgery when allow too unstable to transfer to a less intensively auditor unit. Intensive care is usually only offered to those whose condition is potentially reversible and who have a good chance of surviving with intensive care support. A prime requirement for admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) is that the underlying case can be defeated. Critical care medicine is a relatively new but increasingly important medical specialty. Physicians with training in critical care medicine are referred to as intensivists.

 

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Taking preventative or necessary medical actions to improve a being's welfare. This may be done with surgery, the administering of medicine, or other alterations in a person's lifestyle. These services are typically offered through a health care system made up of hospitals and physicians. Health care is delivered by health professionals in allied health fields. These are the doctors, nurses, and assistants who work with patients to diagnose and treat health issues, and often provide preventative care to help patients maintain good health. Cardiology, Dentistry, Emergency medicine, Gerontology, Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Radiology are few clinical Specializations. 
 
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Nephrology is a branch of medicine and pediatrics that concerns itself with the kidneys. It deals with the study of normal kidney function and kidney problems, the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney problems, from diet and medication to renal replacement therapy. Systemic conditions such as autoimmune disease and diabetes affect the kidneys and systemic problem such has hypertension occurs as a result of kidney problems are studied in nephrology.
The one who concentrates in the care and dealing of kidney disease is a nephrologist. To become an expert with advanced skills a nephrologist requires additional training. They will treat in general/internal medicine, immunosuppression management, clinical pharmacology, perioperative medicine, intensive care medicine, transplant medicine, pediatric nephrology.
 
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Neurology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, functions, and organic disorders of nerves and the nervous system. The most important area of neurology are: the autonomic, central and peripheral nervous systems.  Neurologist  is the person who deals with the field of neurology. Neurology is linked to psychiatry and oncology. Neurologists are not surgeons. Those who perform surgery are called neurosurgeons and they undergo a surgical, rather than internal medicine, residency.

 

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An OB-GYN, or obstetrician-gynecologist, is a doctor who specializes in women’s health. Some OB-GYNs offer a wide range of general health services similar to your primary care doctor. Obstetrics is the branch of medicine related to medical and surgical care before, during, and after a woman gives birth. Gynecology is the branch of medicine that focuses on women’s bodies and their reproductive health. It includes the diagnosis, treatment, and care of women’s reproductive system. 

 

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Oncology is a branch of medicine dealing with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The oncologist is a medical professional who practices oncology. There are three components which have improved survival in cancer:
1. Prevention - This is by reduction of risk factors like tobacco and alcohol consumption.
3. Treatment - Multimodality management by discussion in tumor board and treatment in a comprehensive cancer center.
2. Early diagnosis - Screening of common cancers and comprehensive diagnosis and staging
Cancers are managed by attending  multi-disciplinary cancer conferences where the surgical oncologist, pathologist, medical oncologist, organ specific oncologists meet to find possible management for individual patient considering the social, emotional, physical, psychological and financial status of patients.
Palliative care is specialized medical care for people living with a serious illness. This type of care is focused on relief from the symptoms and stress of a serious illness. The main aim is to improve quality of life for both the patient and the family. Palliative care is provided by a specially-trained team of doctors, nurses and other specialists who work together with a patient’s other doctors to provide an extra layer of support. It is appropriate at any age and at any stage in a serious illness, and it can be provided along with curative treatment.
 

The field of medicine that is concerned with the health of infants, children, and adolescents; their growth and development; and their opportunity to achieve full potential as adults. The word pediatrics and its cognates mean "healer of children". A pediatrician, who provides not only medical care for children who are acutely or chronically ill but also preventive health services for healthy children. pediatric cardiology, critical care medicine, endocrinology, gastroenterology, hematology, neonatal medicine and nephrology etc. are the Subspecialties in pediatrics.

Neonatology is a subspecialty of pediatrics that consists of the medical care of newborn infants, especially the ill or premature newborn. It is a hospital-based specialty, and is usually practiced in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

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Primary care is the routine healthcare given by a health care server. Typically this provider acts as the first contact and leading point of advancing care for patients within a healthcare system and organizes other specialist care that the patient may need. Patients generally receive primary care from specialist such as a primary care physician, an adult-gerontology nurse practitioner, Pediatric nurse practitioner and family nurse practitioner or a physician assistant. Depending on the nature of the health condition, patients may then be referred for secondary or tertiary care.

 

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Psychiatry is the branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mental, emotional and behavioral disorders. Psychiatrists are medical doctors who are experts in mental health. People seek psychiatric help for many reasons. For example, the problems can be such as a panic attack, frightening hallucinations, thoughts of suicide, or hearing "voices." Or they may be more long-term, such as feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or anxiousness that never seem to lift or problems functioning, causing everyday life to feel distorted or out of control. They make a diagnosis and work with you to develop a management plan for your treatment and recovery. Psychiatrists provide and recommend like: psychological treatment, medication and brain stimulation therapies.
 
Caring for critically ill patients and patients with lung disease will come under the Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine. Pulmonary hypertension is a type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries in your lungs and the right side of your heart. In one form of pulmonary hypertension, tiny arteries in your lungs, called pulmonary arterioles, and capillaries become narrowed, blocked or destroyed. Critical care is specialized care of patients whose conditions are life-threatening and who require comprehensive care and constant monitoring, usually in intensive care units. Also known as intensive care.
 
 
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Rheumatology deals with the  diagnosis and therapy of rheumatic diseases. Doctors who have undergone formal training in rheumatology are called rheumatologists. Rheumatic diseases affect your joints tendons, ligaments, bones, and muscles. Among them are many types of arthritis, a term used for conditions that affect your joints. Rheumatologist will examine the patients and diagnose the condition, then oversee a treatment plan that will likely include medications, regular exercise, a healthy diet, stress management, and rest.
 
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Sleep medicine specialists are trained to diagnose, treat and manage various types of sleep disorders. Sleep doctors may treat patients with conditions, such as narcolepsy, sleep apnea and restless leg syndrome.

 

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Sports medicine is a study of medicine that deals with physical fitness and the treatment and prevention of fractures related to games and exercise. Games and exercise medicine physicians are specialist doctors who have completed medical school, appropriate residency training and then specialize further in sports medicine. Specialization in sports medicine may be a doctor's first specialty. It may also be a sub-specialty following a specialization such as orthopedic surgery and psychiatry. The various approaches reflect the medical culture in different countries.

 

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Telemedicine is the study of an information technology and telecommunication to contribute clinical health care from a span. It has been used to taken distance boundaries and to better access to medical assistance that would generally not be frequently available in remote rural communities. It is also used to save lives in critical care and emergency situations. These technologies consent communications between patient and medical agent with both convenience and devotion, as well as the communication of medical, design and health services evidence data from one site to another.
 
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In medicine, a case report is a detailed report of the symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient.You can provide your Case report reserch work to this conference.

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